Generation and Integration of Renewable Energy Resources into Power Grid: A review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63746/njtd.v22i4.3743Keywords:
Energy Integration, Power Generation, Power Grid, Renewable Energy Resources, Sustainable DevelopmentAbstract
The integration of renewable energy resources (RERs) into power grids (PG) is crucial for sustainable energy development, owing to the increasing demand for clean energy and the need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This review examines a range of RERs, including solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, marine, and bioenergy. It highlights the challenges posed by their intermittent energy output owing to weather variations to grid stability, including low system inertia and fluctuations in voltage and frequency. These technical limitations hinder real-time power balance and grid stability. This review identifies improved power electronic systems, smart grid infrastructure, and efficient energy storage technologies that can effectively manage this intermittency and perfectly integrate these RERs into PG by improving control, dynamic load balancing, and dependability, allowing RERs to be seamlessly integrated into current power grids and contributing to a more sustainable and resilient energy future. This review identifies recent innovations, such as ad power electronics, smart grid infrastructure, and efficient energy storage systems, as critical facilitators of smooth RER integration. These technologies improve control, permit dynamic load balancing, and increase the reliability of the system. Recent innovations in renewable energy generation, grid integration, and energy management were also investigated, with case studies from South Africa, Turkey, India, Taiwan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and California demonstrating successful microgrid and storage solutions. These examples demonstrate a global movement towards renewable-based power systems and the vital role that ongoing technical breakthroughs play in supporting a robust and sustainable energy future.
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