Optimization of silver ion concentration into the matrix of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized via a hydrothermal approach.
Keywords:
hydrothermal;, Nanoparticles;, ZnO2;, nanometer;, bandgap;Abstract
The hydrothermal method was utilized in this study to synthesize zinc oxide and Ag-doped zinc oxide NPs. As the wavelength increases from 300 to 1100 nm, nanoparticles show a decrease in absorbance. The highest absorbance was recorded in zinc oxide doped with 0.1 mol of silver in both spectral regions, whereas the lowest absorbance was observed in zinc oxide doped with 0.2 mol of silver. In this study, the energy bandgap of ZnO2 is measured at 2.19 eV, which deviates from the theoretical bandgap of ZnO. Introducing silver into ZnO leads to changes in the band structure because of the creation of additional energy levels. Introducing silver into ZnO leads to a decrease in bandgap energy from 1.50, 1.39, and 1.29 eV, enabling electron transitions at lower energy levels because of the formation of defect states or interaction with ZnO. The XRD patterns of zinc oxide and Ag-doped zinc oxide NPs reflect their hexagonal structure. The material showed a diffraction peak at (101) when measured at a 2theta angle of 44.863o. The hexagonal phase displayed distinct diffraction peaks at specific 2theta angles. Within the FTIR spectrum, Zn-O stretching vibrations are typically shown by distinct absorption bands, usually ranging from 400 to 750 cm-1. Introducing silver doping results in the emergence of new vibrational modes and a shift in existing peaks, indicating changes in the local environment around the ZnO lattice.
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