Preparation and Characterisation of Magnesium Oxide Doped Hydroxyapatite Derived from Eggshell Waste
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63746/njtd.v22i1.2996Keywords:
Biomaterial, hydroxyapatite, hydrothermal liquefaction, mechanical property, thermal stabilityAbstract
Developing optimum biomaterials with enhanced regeneration process necessary for the proper bone tissue healing process is highly important. Hydroxyapatite has been the most widely used bioceramic due to its suitable biocompatible properties and similar native apatite of the human bone. Despite these attributes, hydroxyapatite has shortcomings related to its mechanical properties and bioactivation, which can be solved by composting or substituting cations and anion trace elements. In this study, hydroxyapatite and MgO doped hydroxyapatite were prepared from biosources eggshell in a cost-effective and eco-friendly route (via combined base-acid wet and hydrothermal, and co-precipitation techniques), aligning with the global trend towards circular economic and waste management. Samples were characterized by the physiochemical techniques, thermal stability, and bacterial and fungi growth using the pour plate technique. Results showed phase purity and features of hydroxyapatite, and the doped hydroxyapatite having shifted phase structure. Surface morphology showed fractured and interconnected pores good for cell proliferation. The particle size of 7.8 and 4.27 µm, the percent porosity of 33.95 and 16.79 %, and the crystallinity of 29.99 and 40.04 %, respectively, were obtained. Both products showed good thermal stability up to 900 oC and no presence of microbial organisms was seen. Findings from the results revealed the addition of MgO filler effectively improved the physiochemical and thermal stability properties and the biological properties of hydroxyapatite.
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