Grid Protection through Optimal Overcurrent Relay Coordination using Hybrid FA-PSO Technique
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63746/njtd.v22i5.3418Keywords:
Coordination Time Interval, Firefly Algorithm, Overcurrent Relays, Optimal Coordination, Particle Swarm OptimizationAbstract
The optimal coordination of OCRs (Overcurrent Relays) is vital for guaranteeing the dependable and efficient operation of electricity grids. The increasing complexity of these grids, characterized by diverse fault currents, system configurations, and operating conditions, pose significant challenge to relay coordination (RC). In this study, a novel optimization framework is proposed, FA (Firefly Algorithm) and PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) techniques were integrated to determine optimal relay settings. The outcomes prove that the proposed hybrid approach ensures optimal RC and thus, minimizes the risk of false tripping. Lower time multiplier settings and relay operating time was achieved in both IEEE three-bus and six-bus systems, and satisfactory CTI (Coordination Time Interval) of backup and primary relays was also achieved. For instance, an average CTI of 0.265s was achieved with FA-PSO, while CTI of 0.308s and 0.290s was attained with FA and PSO techniques for the 3-bus system. This work will aid in the growth of efficient and reliable power grid protection systems, ensuring a stable and secure supply of electricity. The utilized approach is applicable to various grid configurations and can be integrated with existing grid management systems.
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