Modelling and Optimisation of Strength Performance in Self-Compacting Concrete Incorporating Cement Kiln Dust and Superplasticizer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63746/njtd.v22i5.3928Keywords:
Cement Kiln Dust, Superplasticizer, Design Expert Software, Response Surface Method, Self Compacting ConcreteAbstract
The rising cost of construction materials and the growing demand for sustainability in Civil Engineering have encouraged the use of industrial byproducts as alternative materials. Cement kiln dust (CKD), a waste from cement production, poses environmental disposal challenges but can potentially enhance sustainable concrete production. This study aims to model and optimize the strength performance of self-compacting concrete (SCC) incorporating CKD and varying dosages of superplasticizer (SP) using response surface methodology (RSM). SCC mixes were prepared with CKD replacing cement at 0–25 % and SP dosages of 1.0–2.5 % by weight of cementitious materials, maintaining a water–cement ratio of 0.43 and a mix proportion of 1:2.44:1.48. Mechanical properties, which includes compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths were evaluated. Multi-linear regression modelling was used for mathematical modelling. Incorporating CKD content reduced strength, whereas higher SP dosage improved both /;workability and mechanical performance. Optimum strengths of 26 N/mm² (compressive), 5.06 N/mm² (flexural), and 3.98 N/mm² (split tensile) were recorded at 10 % CKD and 2 % SP. Predictive models achieved high accuracy with R² values of 88.84 %, 95.36 %, and 94.68 %, respectively. Multi-parameter optimization revealed ideal conditions at 15 % CKD, 2 % SP, and 46 days of curing. CKD can serve as a sustainable supplementary material in SCC, reducing environmental impact and construction costs. For best performance, CKD should be limited to around 10–15 % with 2 % SP dosage.
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