CFD based analysis of drag forces on twin submerged floating tubes
Keywords:
Twin submerged floating tube, CFD based analysis, Wavelength, Drag force, Streamline, Twin-SFT, CFD based analysis, Wavelength, Drag force, StreamlineAbstract
Twin submerged floating tubes (Twin-SFT) are widely found in structural applications, e.g. underwater cables, piping systems, even recently a lot of research has been directed towards transport tunnels. Currently, research on Twin-SFT is still limited and far behind when compared to single tubes. This research aims to observe the drag force on Twin-SFT. The study investigates the effect of the axis distance between the tubes, the diameter, and the depth of the installation of the double-tube structure on the drag force. The diameter variations of the tubes are 2 in (50.8 mm), 2 ½ in (63.5 mm) and 3 in (76.2 mm), each with a length of 600 mm. The tubes were mounted parallel to the centre distance between the upstream and downstream cylinders at x/L = 1⁄4, x/L = 1⁄2, x/L = 3⁄4 and x/L = 1, where x/L is the ratio of distance to wavelength (L). To assess the influence of the installation depth, the tubes were mounted at depths of 100 mm and 200 mm. The results showed that the drag forces on both cylinders were smallest at a distance of x/L = 1⁄4. Additionally, as the tube’s depth increases, the drag force decreases, while larger tube diameters result in greater drag force.
References
Adanta, D. Fattah, I. M. R. and Muhammad, N. M. (2020). Comparison of Standard k-epsilon and SST k-omega Turbulance Model for Breastshot Waterwheel Simulation. Journal of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Vol 7(2), pp. 39-44.
Akmal J., Lubis, A., Su’udi, A., Tanti, N., Nugraha, N., Fahrain, Z.A. and Hakim, P.F. (2022). Hydrodynamic forces on submerged floating tube: The effect of curvature radius and depth level. Kapal J. Ilmu Pengetah. dan Teknol. Kelaut., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2022. doi: 10.14710/kapal. v19i1.44019.
ANSYS Inc., (2015). ANSYS Fluent Meshing User’s Guide. vol. 15317, pp. 724–746,
ANSYS Inc., (2021). Ansys Fluent Theory Guide,” vol. Release 20.
ANSYS Inc., (2022). ANSYS FLUENT User’s Guide. vol. 15317, pp. 724–746,
Arthi, T. and Murugeshwari, G. (2012). Submerged Floating Tunnels. [Online]. Available: www.ijert.org
Bearman, P. W. (2011). Circular cylinder wakes and vortex-induced vibrations. J. Fluids Struct., vol. 27, no. 5–6, pp. 648–658. doi: 10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2011.03.021.
Boccotti, P. Arena, F., Fiamma, V. and Romolo, A. (2013). Two small-scale field experiments on the effectiveness of Morison’s equation. Ocean Eng., vol. 57, pp. 141–149.
Budiman, E. (2017). Construction Challenge of Submerged Floating Tunnel in Indonesia. Jurnal Teknologi Sipil, Vol 1(2), pp. 1-7.
Cheng, X., Wang, Y. and Wang, G. (2012). Hydrodynamic Forces on a Large Pipeline and a Small Pipeline in Piggyback Configuration under Wave Action. J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng., vol. 138, pp. 394–405.
Deng, S. Ren, H., Xu, Y., Fu, S. Moan, T. and Gao, Z. (2020). Experimental study of vortex-induced vibration of a twin-tube submerged floating tunnel segment model. J. Fluids Struct., vol. 94. doi: 10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2020.102908.
Igarashi, T. (1981). Characteristics of the Flow around two circular cylinders arranged in tandem. Bulletin of the JSME vol. 24(188), pp. 323-331.
Jiang, B. Liang, B. and Wu, S. (2018). Feasibility study on the submerged floating tunnel in Qiongzhou Strait, China. Polish Marit. Res., vol. 25, pp. 4–11. doi: 10.2478/pomr-2018-0066.
Ljungkrona L. and Sundén, B. (1993). Flow visualization and surface pressure measurement on two tubes in an inline arrangement. Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci., vol 6(1), pp. 15–27.
Mascella, M. (2020). Global Analysis of Submerged Floating Tunnels Under Hydrodynamic Loading. Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
Morison, J. R., Johnson, J. W. and Schaaf, S. A. (1950). The Force Exerted by Surface Waves on Piles,” J. Pet. Technol., vol. 2, no. 05, pp. 149–154.
Mulvany, B. A. Nicholas J., Chen, Li., Jiyuan Y. Tu. (2004). Steady State Evaluation of Two Equation RANS Turbulence Models for High Reynolds Number Hydrodynamic Flow Simulations. Final Report, Def. Sci. Technol. Organ. Dep. Defence, Aust. Government.
Munson, B. R. Young, D. F. and Okiishi, T. H. (2002). Fundamentals of fluid mechanics, John Wiley and Sons.
Popov, D., Pervaiz, F., Alqadi, M., Raza, N. and Soo Lim, S. (2018). Feasibility Study of a Submerged Floating Crossing. Multidisciplinary Project, Delft University of Technology,
Reeve, D. Chadwick, A. and Fleming, C. (2018). Coastal Engineering Processes, Theory & Design Practice, 3rd edition.
Sarpkaya, T. (2010). Wave Forces On Offshore Structure. Cambridge University Press.
Schlichting, H. (1979). Boundary -layer Theory, 7th edition. McGraw-Hill Publishing
Company.
Shankar, N. J., Cheong, H.-F., and Subbiah, K. (1988). Wave Force Coefficients for Submarine Pipelines. J. Water. Port Coast. Ocean Eng., vol. 114, pp. 472–486.
Sumer, J. B. M. and FredsØe (2016). Hydrodynamics around cylindrical structures. Word Scientific, Revised Edition.
Sumner, D. (2010). Two circular cylinders in cross-flow: A review. J. Fluids Struct., vol 26(6), pp. 849–899.
Triatmodjo, B. (1999). Buku Teknik Pantai. Beta Offset, Yogyakarta, pp. 1–405.
Zambon, S. (2019). “Dynamic Interaction Between a Submerged Floating Tunnel and a High Speed Train: an Uncoupled Approach. Thesis, Politecnico Milano.
Zdravkovich, M. M. (1977). Review of Flow Interference Between Two Circular Cylinders in Various Arrangements. J. Fluids Eng. Vol 99(4): 618-633.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Nigerian Journal of Technological Development
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
In accordance with the Copyright Act of 1976, which became effective January 1, 1978, the following statement signed by each author must accompany the manuscript submitted: "I, the undersigned author, transfer all copyright ownership of the manuscript referenced above to the Nigerian Journal of Technological Development, in the event the work is published. I warrant that the article is original, does not infringe upon any copyright or other proprietary right of any third party, is not under consideration by another journal, and has not been published previously. I have reviewed and approve the submitted version of the manuscript and agree to its publication in the Nigerian Journal of Technological Development." A copyright transfer form should be downloaded from the NJTD Website ( http://njtd.com.ng/index.php/njtd). Author(s) will be consulted, whenever possible, regarding republication of material. All authors must have access to the data presented and the authors and sponsor (if applicable) must agree to share original data with the editor if requested.
