Influence of Heat Inputs on Weld Profiles and Mechanical Properties of Carbon and Stainless Steel

Authors

  • L. O. Osoba
  • W. A. Ayoola
  • Q. A. Adegbuji
  • O. A. Ajibade UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS

Keywords:

Carbon steel, Stainless steel, Heat input, Weld profile, Heat affected zone

Abstract

This study examines the effect of heat input on the weld bead profile, microstructure and mechanical properties of single V- joint welded carbon and stainless-steel plates. The as-received sample steel plates were sectioned into eight pieces; dimension 75 X 30 X 10 mm thicknesses. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) of heat inputs 1250 and 2030 J/mm was used to produce full penetration bead on the plates. Although visual inspection indicated that some of the welds were macro defect free, austenitic stainless steel exhibited more weld distortions than the carbon steel and this was partially attributed to its lower carbon content and the width to depth aspect ratio of the weld profile aside the magnitude of the induced stress. For the carbon steel, as the heat input increased, the hardness value of both the heat affected zone and fusion zone increased. In contrast, for stainless steel, the hardness values were reasonably comparable within same weld region (HAZ or FZ) irrespective of heat input. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the stainless steel decreased as heat input increased while the ductility increased with an increase in heat input, in contrast to carbon steel, where both ductility and ultimate tensile strength generally decreased.

References

Ali, A. M., and Mohammed, K. A. K. (2018). Dynamic response to welded joints of low carbon steel with different edges. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 11(12): 2159–2166.
Arul, M. M., A.; Sundara, B. S. R., Rajeshkumar, R., and Kumar, R. (2016). Factors influencing submerged arc welding on stainless steel - a review. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 11(2): 1237–1241.
Gupta, S. R. and Arora, N. (1991). Influence of flux basicity on weld bead geometry and heat affected zone in submerged arc welding. Indian Welding Journal., 24: 127–133.
Jovicic, R.; Prokic-Cvetkovic, R., Zrilic, B., and Jovicic-Bubalo, K. (2015). Heat input welding. Zavarivanje i Zavarene Konstrukcije, 60(2): 61–69. https://doi.org/10.5937/zzk1502061j
Keehan, E. (2004). Effect of microstructure on mechanical properties of high strength steel weld metals. Doktorsavhandlingar Vid Chalmers Tekniska Hogskola, 2205. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.14213
Metals Handbook Desk Edition. (2018). In Metals Handbook Desk Edition. ASM International. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.9781627081993
Mohammed, G. R.; Ishak, M., Aqida, S. N., & Abdulhadi, H. A. (2017). Effects of heat input on microstructure, corrosion and mechanical characteristics of welded austenitic and duplex stainless steels: A review. Metals, 7(2): https://doi.org/10.3390/met7020039
Moi, S. C.; Pal, P. K., Bandyopadhyay, A., & Rudrapati, R. (2019). Effect of heat input on the mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of TIG welded joints. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 16(2): 29–40.
Osoba, L.O. and Ojo, O.A. (2012). Influence of laser welding heat input on HAZ cracking in newly developed Haynes 282 superalloy. Material Science and Technology. Institute of Materials, Mineral, and Mining, 28(4): 431- 436
Scott Funderburk, R. (1998). Key Concepts in Welding Engineering–Post Weld Heat Treatment. Welding Innovation, XV(15(2)). http://www.jflf.org/v/vspfiles/assets/pdf/keyconcepts4.pdf
Sindo Kou. (n.d.). Metallurgy Second Edition Welding Metallurgy.
Wallace, J. F. (1979). A review of welding cast steels and its effects on fatigue. Steel Founders’ Society, 1–90.
Wan Muda, W. S. H.; Mohd Nasir, N. S., Mamat, S., & Jamian, S. (2015). Effect of welding heat input on microstructure and mechanical properties at coarse grain heat affected zone of ABS grade a steel. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 10(20): 9487–9495.

Additional Files

Published

2021-07-31

Issue

Vol. 18 No. 2 (2021)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2021 Nigerian Journal of Technological Development

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

In accordance with the Copyright Act of 1976, which became effective January 1, 1978, the following statement signed by each author must accompany the manuscript submitted: "I, the undersigned author, transfer all copyright ownership of the manuscript referenced above to the Nigerian Journal of Technological Development, in the event the work is published. I warrant that the article is original, does not infringe upon any copyright or other proprietary right of any third party, is not under consideration by another journal, and has not been published previously. I have reviewed and approve the submitted version of the manuscript and agree to its publication in the Nigerian Journal of Technological Development." A copyright transfer form should be downloaded from the NJTD Website ( http://njtd.com.ng/index.php/njtd). Author(s) will be consulted, whenever possible, regarding republication of material. All authors must have access to the data presented and the authors and sponsor (if applicable) must agree to share original data with the editor if requested.