Experimental Investigation of Temperature Effects on Low Salinity Enzyme Enhanced Oil Recovery Process

Authors

  • Tinuola H. Udoh Akwa Ibom State University

Keywords:

Enhanced oil recovery, Enzyme, Satandalone, Greenzyme, Core flooding

Abstract

In this paper, the effect of temperature on low salinity brine and combined low salinity enzyme oil recovery processes in sandstone rock sample was experimentally investigated. The core flooding displacement tests were conducted with the injection of the enzyme in post-tertiary mode after secondary high salinity brine and tertiary low salinity brine injection processes. Effluents analyses of each of the flooding were carried out and used to evaluate the effect of temperature on rock-fluid interactions and enhanced oil recovery processes. The results showed that tertiary low salinity brine injection and post-tertiary enzyme injection increased recovery by 2.4-8.72% over the secondary high salinity brine flooding at 25 oC. Also, increase in oil recovery (0.57-13.18%) was observed with increase in the system temperature from 25 oC to 70 oC.  Furthermore, the effluent of the 70 oC flooding was associated with the earliest low salinity brine ionic breakthrough front at 10 injected pore volume, while the 25 oC flooding breakthrough front occurred at 22 pore volume. However, no obvious effect of temperature on pH of the effluents was observed with all the floodings, but temperature effects were observed with the conductivity and ionic concentrations of all the effluents as evident by varied breakthrough times. Hence, the observed increased recovery in this study is attributable to combined effects of electric double-layer expansion, oil viscosity reduction and interfacial tension reduction. This novel study of the combined low salinity enzyme injection process is significant for the design of enzyme enhanced oil recovery processes.  

References

Aadland, R. C.; T. D. Jakobsen; E. B. Heggset; H. Long-Sanouiller; S. Simon; K. G. Paso; K. Syverud and O. Torsæter. (2019). High-temperature core flood investigation of nanocellulose as a green additive for enhanced oil recovery. Nanomaterials, 9(5), p. 665.

Al-Adasani, A. and Bai, B. (2010). Recent Developments and Updated Screening Criteria of Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques. SPE-130726-MS.

Alagic, E. and Skauge, A. (2010). Combined low salinity brine injection and surfactant flooding in mixed-wet sandstone cores. Energy and Fuels, 24(6), 3551-3559.

AlQuraishi, A.; S. AlHussinan and H. AlYami (2015). Efficiency and recovery mechanisms of low salinity water flooding in sandstone and carbonate reservoirs. In Offshore Mediterranean Conference and Exhibition, Offshore Mediterranean Conference.

Austad, T.; A. RezaeiDoust and T. Puntervol (2010). Chemical Mechanism of Low Salinity Water Flooding in Sandstone Reservoirs. J2: SPE-129767-MS.

Hughes, D.; S. Larsen and R. Wright (2010). Review of Low Salinity Water Flooding. Report for Department of Energy and Climate Change, 12.

Johannessen, A. M. and Spildo, K. (2013). Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) by combining surfactant with low salinity injection. Energy and Fuels, 27(10), 5738-5749.

Johannessen, A. M. and Spildo, K. (2014). Can lowering the injection brine salinity further increase oil recovery by surfactant injection under otherwise similar conditions? Energy and Fuels, 28(11), 6723-6734.

Khusainova, A.; A. A. Shapiro; E. H. Stenby and J. M. Woodley (2013). Wettability Improvement with Enzymes: Application to Enhanced Oil Recovery under Conditions of the North Sea Reservoirs. Graduate Schools Yearbook 2012.

Kuznetsov, S. I. (2012). The microflora of lakes and its geochemical activity. University of Texas Press.

Lager, A. (2008). Low salinity oil recovery - An experimental investigation. Petrophysics, 49(1), p. 28–35

Levitt, D. B. (2006). Experimental evaluation of high performance EOR surfactants for a dolomite oil reservoir.

Ligthelm, D.; J. Gronsveld; J. Hofman;, N. Brussee; F. Marcelis and H. V. Linde (2009). Novel waterflooding strategy by manipulation of injection brine composition. Paper presented at 71st European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers Conference and Exhibition 2009: Balancing Global Resources. Incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2009.

McGuire, P. L.; J. R. Chatham; F. K. Paskvan; D. M. Sommer and F. H. Carini (2005). Low salinity oil recovery: An exciting new EOR opportunity for Alaska's north slope. Paper presented at SPE western regional meeting, Irvine, California. Society of Petroleum Engineers.

Morrow, N. and Buckley, J. S. (2011). Improved oil recovery by low-salinity waterflooding. Journal of Petroleum Technology, 63(5), 106-112.

Nasiri, H.; K. Spildo and A. Skauge (2009). Use of enzymes to improve waterflood performance. Paper presented at International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts, Noordwijk, Netherlands, p. 27-30.

Nasralla, R. A.; M. B. Alotaibi and H. A. Nasr-El-Din (2011). Efficiency of Oil Recovery by Low Salinity Water Flooding in Sandstone Reservoirs. Paper presented at SPE Western North American Region Meeting, 7–11 May, Anchorage, Alaska, USA, SPE.

Pu, H.; X. Xie; P. Yin and N. R. Morrow (2008). Application of coalbed methane water to oil recovery by low salinity waterflooding. Paper SPE 113410 presented at the SPE. In DOE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery, Tulsa, Oklahoma, pp. 20-23.

RezaeiDoust, A.; T. Puntervold; S. Strand and T. Austad. (2009). Smart water as wettability modifier in carbonate and sandstone: A discussion of similarities/differences in the chemical mechanisms. Energy and fuels, 23(9), 4479-4485.

Sharma, M. M. and Filoco, P. R. (2000). Effect of brine salinity and crude-oil properties on oil recovery and residual saturations. SPE Journal, 293-300.

Sheng, J. J. (2014). Critical review of low-salinity waterflooding. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 120, 216-224.

Sohrabi, M.; P. Mahzari; S. A. Farzaneh; J. R. Mills; P. Tsolis and S. Ireland (2015). Novel insights into mechanisms of oil recovery by low salinity water injection. Paper SPE-172778 presented at the SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference, Manama, Bahrain, 8–11 March. DOI: http://dx. doi. org/10.2118/172778-MS.

Tang, G. Q. and Morrow, N. R. (1997). Salinity, temperature, oil composition, and oil recovery by waterflooding. SPE Reservoir Engineering, 12(4), 269-276.

Tang, G. Q. and Morrow, N. R. (1999). Influence of brine composition and fines migration on crude oil/brine/rock interactions and oil recovery. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 24(2-4), 99-111.

Udoh, T. (2019). Comparative Study on Adsorption of Biologically Generated Surface Active Agents on Carbonate and Sandstone Rock Surface. International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review, 7(2), 21-36.

Udoh, T. H. and Ekanem, V. (2020). Experimental Investigation of Greenzyme Adsorption on Sand Surface. ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 3(1), 83-89.

Udoh, T. and Vinogradov, J. (2019a). Experimental Investigations of Behaviour of Biosurfactants in Brine Solutions Relevant to Hydrocarbon Reservoirs. Colloids and Interfaces, 3(1), 24.

Udoh, T. and Vinogradov, J. (2019b). Effects of Temperature on Crude-Oil-Rock-Brine Interactions During Controlled Salinity Biosurfactant Flooding. Paper SPE 198761 presented in SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition, Lagos, Nigeria. Society of Petroleum Engineers. doi:10.2118/198761-MS

Udoh, T. and Vinogradov, J. (2019c). A Synergy between Controlled Salinity Brine and Biosurfactant Flooding for Improved Oil Recovery: An Experimental Investigation Based on Zeta Potential and Interfacial Tension Measurements. International Journal of Geophysics, 2019, 15.

Udoh, T.; L. Akanji and J. Vinogradov (2018). Experimental Investigation of Potential of Combined Controlled Salinity and Bio-Surfactant CSBS in Enhanced Oil Recovery EOR Processes. Paper SPE 193388 in SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers. doi:10.2118/193388-MS

Van Hamme, J. D.; A. Singh and O. P. Ward (2006). Physiological aspects: Part 1 in a series of papers devoted to surfactants in microbiology and biotechnology. Biotechnology Advances, 24(6), 604-620.

Wang, W. (2010). Experimental Study of Oil Displacement by the Bio-enzyme at the Third Type Reservoirs of Sabei Blocks. Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC), Asia-Pacific. 1-4

Wang, Y.; A. Kantzas; B. Li; Z. Li; Q. Wang and M. Zhao (2008). New Agent for Formation-Damage Mitigation in Heavy-Oil Reservoir: Mechanism and Applicatio. SPE International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control.

Xia, J. (2001). Protein-Based Surfactants: Synthesis: Physicochemical Properties, and Applications (101 ed.). Marcel Dekker, Inc. 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016.

Additional Files

Published

2020-10-07

Issue

Section

Articles