The The Relationship Between Ambient CO2 Levels and Vehicle Emissions in Promoting Sustainable Campus Transportation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63746/njtd.v23i1.3911Keywords:
ambient carbon dioxide, vehicle emission, correlation analysis, campus transportation, emission reduction commitmentAbstract
Atmospheric CO2 concentrations continue to increase, exacerbating the risk of global climate change and contributing to the deterioration of public health. This condition is primarily driven by escalating anthropogenic activities, particularly in the transportation sector, which relies on combustion engines, as observed in Indonesia. However, the relationship between vehicle emissions and ambient CO2 concentrations remains insufficiently characterised. This research examined the association between vehicle emissions and ambient CO2 concentrations at three monitoring locations within a campus in Indonesia. Measurements were conducted over 10 weekdays, and simultaneous full traffic counts and calibrated CO2 monitoring were performed. Emission intensity was estimated using national emission factors standardised per unit distance. Regression analysis and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) incorporating wind speed as a covariate were applied. Results showed a statistically positive relationship between vehicle emissions and CO2 concentrations across all locations (p consistently < 0.001 with model R2 ranging from 67.4% to 70.8%). Wind speeds also had a significant influence (p ranging from 0.020 to 0.001). Based on ANCOVA, motorcycles consistently exhibited the strongest influence relative to other vehicles (p < 0.001). These findings underscore the need for policies to regulate motorcycle traffic within campus to reduce emissions, improve air quality, and safeguard public health.
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